Common Side Effects After Embryo Transfer

One of the critical moments in the surrogacy process is the embryo transfer, which may bring about various side effects.

While many of these symptoms are normal and temporary, it’s important to understand what to expect,  how to manage discomfort and when to contact your doctor.

Learn more about the medical process of surrogacy and find out if you’re eligible to become a surrogate when you fill out this simple form.

This article will outline the common side effects after embryo transfer, including both the symptoms of implantation and the effects of fertility medications.

Common Side Effects After Embryo Transfer

The side effects after embryo transfer IVF can vary from person to person, and they are often similar to the symptoms experienced during early pregnancy. Some side effects may be a result of the hormonal medications used, while others may be signs of implantation. Here’s a breakdown of common symptoms:

1. Cramping

Mild cramping is one of the most common side effects after embryo transfer IVF and can happen due to both implantation and the hormonal changes that follow. The cramping may feel similar to menstrual cramps, and it typically occurs in the lower abdomen.

What to Do: Mild cramping is usually harmless, but if it becomes severe or is accompanied by heavy bleeding, you should reach out to your fertility clinic.

2. Bloating

Bloating can be a result of hormonal fluctuations caused by fertility medications, such as progesterone. It is a common side effect after embryo transfer, and it may feel like a full or swollen abdomen.

What to Do: Drinking plenty of water and avoiding overly salty foods can help reduce bloating. Gentle physical activity like walking may also provide relief.

3. Spotting

Light spotting or implantation bleeding is common during the early stages after the transfer, particularly between 6 and 12 days post-transfer. This is a sign that the embryo may be implanting in the uterine lining.

What to Do: Spotting is usually normal, but if the bleeding becomes heavier or more prolonged, it’s important to contact your doctor.

4. Breast Tenderness

Breast tenderness or swelling is another pregnancy side effect after embryo transfer. This is caused by the hormonal changes associated with the medications, particularly progesterone, which support early pregnancy.

What to Do: Wearing a supportive bra and avoiding tight clothing can help alleviate discomfort. If the pain becomes intense, contact your doctor.

5. Mood Changes

The hormonal fluctuations after embryo transfer can affect your mood. It’s common to feel more emotional or moody during this time, especially if you’re taking progesterone. This can lead to feelings of irritability, anxiety, or sadness.

What to Do: Take it easy, practice relaxation techniques, and don’t hesitate to lean on your support network. Why am I so emotional after embryo transfer?

It’s often primarily due to the hormones like progesterone that are part of the treatment.

6. Fatigue

Fatigue is another common symptom after an embryo transfer procedure. It can be caused by the stress of the procedure, hormonal treatments, or early pregnancy.

What to Do: Ensure you get plenty of rest and prioritize sleep. Try to avoid overexerting yourself and take breaks throughout the day.

How soon after embryo transfer do you feel symptoms?

Some women start feeling symptoms like mild cramping, bloating, or fatigue within a few days of the transfer, while others may not experience symptoms until later in the two-week wait.

Pregnancy Side Effects After Embryo Transfer

Some symptoms and side effects after embryo transfer can be positive signs of pregnancy, though they are not guaranteed indicators. Here are some potential pregnancy-related side effects:

1. Missed Period

If the embryo successfully implants, you may miss your period. A missed period is one of the most reliable early signs of pregnancy.

What to Do: Wait for your blood test to confirm pregnancy, but a missed period is a good sign that the process may be successful.

2. Nausea and Vomiting

One of the common side effects after embryo transfer is nausea and vomiting, which may also be morning sickness. This often starts around the 6th week of pregnancy but can begin earlier in some cases. This may be a sign that pregnancy has occurred.

What to Do: Stay hydrated, eat small meals throughout the day, and avoid foods that trigger nausea. If the symptoms are severe, talk to your doctor.

3. Sore Breasts

Sore, swollen breasts are another sign that pregnancy might have occurred. This is due to the hormonal changes associated with the early stages of pregnancy.

What to Do: Wear a comfortable, supportive bra and avoid any pressure on your breasts. If the pain becomes severe, seek medical advice.

4. Frequent Urination

Frequent urination can start in the early stages of pregnancy due to hormonal changes. While it’s a common side effect of embryo transfer if pregnancy occurs, it can also be caused by the increased fluid intake required for fertility treatments.

What to Do: Stay hydrated but try to avoid drinking large amounts right before bed to minimize nighttime trips to the bathroom.

Does an IVF pregnancy feel different?

An IVF pregnancy may feel similar to a natural pregnancy in terms of symptoms, though the hormonal medications used can cause unique side effects like mood swings and bloating.

When to Contact Your Doctor

While many side effects are common and expected, there are some less typical symptoms that require attention. These can indicate potential complications or issues with the pregnancy:

Severe Pain

Severe or sharp abdominal pain, especially one-sided pain, could be a sign of an ectopic pregnancy or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). This requires immediate medical attention.

Heavy Bleeding

Heavy bleeding or passing large clots may indicate a miscarriage or other complications. This is different from light spotting or implantation bleeding.

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)

OHSS is a potential side effect of the fertility medications used to stimulate the ovaries. Symptoms of OHSS can include bloating, nausea, and shortness of breath.

If you experience any unusual symptoms or have questions about any symptoms, you should always reach out to your healthcare provider.

Practical Tips to Alleviate Discomfort

Managing the side effects after embryo transfer IVF can be challenging, but there are several practical steps you can take to alleviate discomfort:

Get Started

Embryo transfer can be a big step on your journey to help a family achieve their dreams of parenthood.

Find out more about what it’s like to be a surrogate and learn how you can get started here.